Course Background
Safety Instrumented Systems refer to that class of automation and control systems that are used to ensure safe shutdown or other safe means of carrying out actions to prevent dangerous occurrences in a plant or machinery. These systems protect assets, humans and the environment and are used across a wide variety of industries. Thus you will find these SIS safety instrumented systems, in oil and gas installations, chemical plants, power plants, food and beverage industries, automobiles, trains, planes and even lifts. You will also find them used for machinery applications such as gas turbines, metal presses, lathes and similar kinds of factory equipment.
This course will cover the systems used in process plants. There are commonly used international standards for functional safety and safety instrumented systems such as IEC 61508 and IEC 61511. This course will cover both, although it is more focused on IEC 61511 (the standard used in the process industry). SIS Safety is an important part of Process Safety Management and a well designed and maintained SIS system will help in drastic reduction of operational risk associated with manufacturing and process plants. Thus it is an important part of Enterprise Risk Management.
The course will cover the entire spectrum of everything related to Functional Safety and SIS including but not limited to hazard and risk assessment fundamentals, techniques such as lopa, sis concept, safety instrumented functions, failures and reliability, safety integrity level (SIL), including how to carry out a SIL study, designing safety loops, different architectures, sil verification calculations, concepts from iec 61508 and iec 61511 standards, sis hardware, proof testing, maintenance and more.
What will you learn?
The course is divided into several modules, that have text, animations and simulations, videos, real life examples and exercises. This complex subject can be easily mastered by taking this e-learning course. Here is a complete list of topics that you will learn.
Module 1: Introduction to SIS
- What are Safety Instrumented Systems?
- Basic Ideas about SIS
- Functional Safety
- Instrumented Protective Systems & Safety
- Instrumented Systems
- BPCS- Basic Process Control Systems
- BPCS and SIS
- Safety Instrumented Functions
- Emergency Shutdown Systems
- Need for a separate SIS
- Simulation exercise
- Learnings from the exercise
- Typical architecture
- Integrated BPCS & SIS
- Examples
- Differences between BPCS & SIS
Module 2: Hazards, Risks and their analysis
- Types of hazards- Fire & Explosions
- Types of hazards-Toxic Material
- The Safety Lifecycle
- Steps in analysis
- Preliminary Hazard Analysis
- HAZOP
- HAZAN
- Consequence Analysis
- Concept of Risk
- Risk graph
- Risk Reduction
- ALARP principle
- Risk Reduction in process plants
- Risk Reduction explained
- Risk reduction using an SIF
- Layers of Protection
- Layers of Protection in the process industries
- Preventive & Mitigative layers
- Safety Requirement Specification
- Diversity
Module 3: Failures and Reliability
- Types of failures
- Dangerous & Safe failures
- Safe Failure Fraction
- SFF Pie Chart
- Proof Test Interval
- Diagnostic Coverage
- Common Cause Failures
- CCF Example
- Diversity
- Reliability
- Failure Rate
- MTTF
- MTTR
- MTBF
- Failure Data
- Software Reliability & fault injection
- Reliability Block Diagrams
- Redundancy and Reliability
- Fault Tree Analysis
- Fault Tree Analysis Example- 1
- FTA and RBD
- Example-2
- Fault Tree Analysis-Probabilities
- Event Trees
- Event Tree Components
- Event Tree Analysis Example
- Fail-Safe and Fail Danger modes
- FMEA – Failure Modes Effects and Diagnostic Analysis
- FMEDA report
- How to use the FMEDA report
- Example FMEDA report
- Redundancy
- Redundancy and Voting
- Voting Systems 1oo1
- Voting Systems 1oo2
- Voting Systems 1oo2D
- Voting Systems 2oo2
- Voting Systems 2oo3
- Spurious Trips
- Concept of Demand
- Demand in a plant
- Low Demand & High Demand
- PFD – Probability to Fail on Demand
- PFDavg
Module 4: Safety Integrity Level
- Introduction to Safety Integrity Level
- What SIL is not
- Is SIL applicable to me?
- SIL 1 to SIL 4
- SIL for Demand Mode
- Demand Mode-Example
- SIL for High Demand Mode
- SIL for Continuous Mode
- The SIL process
- Common SIL questions
- Target SIL-Qualitative & Quantitative methods
- Risk Reduction Factor
- Safety Availability and PFDavg
- SIL calculation Example
- SIL Calculation example-(modification)
- SIL Calculation example-additional layers
- SIL Calculation example-caution
- Consequence Only Method
- Hazard Matrix Method
- Hazard Matrix Method-Example
- Risk Parameter Graph
- Calibrated Risk Graph-1
- LOPA method
- Conducting a LOPA
- More about LOPA
- LOPA Example
- Target SIL & SIL verification
- SIF design process
- PFD of simple loop
- SIL verification example-1
- SIL verification example-2
- SIL verification for complex loops
- Markov Modeling-1
- Simplified Equations
- Use of Simplified Equations-Example
- Architectural Constraints
- Architectural Constraints IEC 61508
- Hardware Fault Tolerance-IEC61508
- Architectural Constraints-Example
Module 5: SIS Standards
- Introduction to Standards in SIS
- AK 1 to AK 8
- IEC Standards
- IEC 61508
- E/E/PE systems
- IEC 61508-Safety Life Cycle
- IEC 61511-Basics
- Relationship between IEC 61508 & IEC 61511
- ISA S84 Background
- Where to get standards
- What standards apply to me?
Module 6: SIS in Practice
- Components of the Safety Loop
- Types of logic Solvers
- Hardwired logic solvers-Trip amplifiers
- Hardwired logic solvers-Gates
- Safety Relays-Electromechanical
- Safety Relays-Electronic
- Programmable Logic Solvers
- Safety PLCs & General Purpose PLCs
- Fault Diagnostics
- Safety PLCs- Inputs
- Safety PLCs-Processors
- Safety PLCs- Outputs
- Safety PLCs-Software
- Safety PLCs-Software-Design
- Safety PLCs-Voting architecture
- Safety PLCs-TMR
- Safety PLCs-QMR
- Safety PLCs-Interface to BPCS
- Safety Networks
- HIPPS – High Integrity Pressure Protection Systems
Module 7: SIS Testing and Maintenance
- Need for Proof testing
- Proof Testing-Example
- Breakup of failures
- Testing the components of a SIS
- Testing Sensors & Transmitters
- Testing Logic Solvers
- Testing valves & final control elements
- Valve Testing-Bypass method
- PST- Partial Stroke Testing
- Partial Stroke Testing-ISA method
- Valve Testing- Mechanical Stoppers
- Valve Testing-Smart Positioner method
- PST-Advantages & Disadvantages
- Testing and PFDavg
Module 8: Self Assessment Test
Certification and Electronic Badge
After you complete all these modules, you can take the final certification exam. If you wish to practice, you can also take the free Functional Safety mock test on the portal.
On passing the exam, you get an electronic certificate of competency from Abhisam and an electronic badge via Credly, the largest badge issuer on the planet. You can display the badge as a credential on any online portals such as LinkedIn and Facebook, to showcase your skills and achievements.